The way in which an engine is orientated can have a huge influence on the rest of a car’s design. Should the car be rear-wheel drive? What size of engine is expected? Are there space issues that could influence which way the engine lies? All these questions have to be answered by the engineers responsible for the car, as the powertrain setup can have a large impact on how the car goes, handles and stops. Looking at front-engined cars, the two possible orientations are longitudinal and transverse, with each having its own benefits and drawbacks that can govern which is chosen for the car at hand. In-light of this engineering decision, here’s a basic guide to the features of each engine layout and which is best for different applications. Transverse engines Transverse engines are mounted perpendicularly to the direction of travel, lying horizontally within the engine bay. This is predominantly used in front-engined, front-wheel drive setups but has also been implemented i...
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